vol. 12 núm. 2 (2014)

<em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To determine erythrocyte response against the All In One Light multipurpose solution used for cleaning contact lenses. <em><strong>Methodology</strong><em> 5 mL of each of the following substances were placed in test tubes: distilled water, All In One Light solution, 0.9% NaCl solution and 6% NaCl solution then, three drops of sheep blood were added to each solution, left to rest for twenty minutes, and observations were made on the optical microscope at 100 X. The solutions were then centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, and the effect in color of the supernatant and presence or absence of precipitate was observed. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> The surface morphology of the erythrocytes in the All In One Light and 0.9% NaCl solutions had a smooth appearance, with 6% NaCl was perforated and cell debris was revealed with distilled water. The supernatants color after centrifugation in the All In One Light solution and the distilled water was deep red and in the 0.9% NaCl solution and 6% NaCl solution it was light red. <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> The All In One Light solution is isotonic compared to the blood plasma, despite the partial hemolysis.

<em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To describe and analyze, through a literature review, the OCT (optical coherence tomography), HRT (Heidelberg tomography) and GDx (nerve fiber analyzer) diagnostic technologies in glaucoma, as an approach to clinical optometry. <em><strong>Materials and methods</strong><em> A systematic primary literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Elsevier, among others literary texts related to the subject, written in English, Spanish and Portuguese, were also included. The information was selected within a period of publication between 2007 and 2014. <em><strong>Conclusion</strong><em> The OCT uses a wavelength of 820 nm, assesses the retina and determines the appearance of the disease HRT works with a 670 nm diode laser and generates three-dimensional images of the optic nerve, making it the most specific diagnostic technology to assess glaucoma GDx employs a 780 nm polarized laser and evaluates the optic nerve, and is therefore ideal for monitoring the disease, as it determines minimal changes. Such equipment has a favorable applicability for detecting and monitoring the glaucoma regardless of what instrument is used, it is essential for the professional have the competence to interpret the results and correlate with a clinical examination.

<em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To describe the sociodemographic and gynecological and obstetric characteristics determining eutocic or cesarean delivery in teenagers. <em><strong>Materials and methods</strong><em> A retrospective and descriptive study with a quantitative approach was conducted by analyzing the medical records of 168 teenagers treated at the department of gynecology and obstetrics at a health facility in Bogota, Colombia. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> It was shown that 78% of pregnant women are in an age range between 16 and 20 years, and 52.4% live in socio-economic level 2 it is shown that 95.2% have had at least one pregnancy and only 3% missed all check-ups during prenatal care, while 15.5% went to 5 check-ups 121 of all the patients had an eutocic delivery and 47 had a c-section. The percentage of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and preeclampsia is also the same, with 26% then there is eclampsia, with 19%, and premature rupture of membranes, with 6.0%. During the study, it was shown that, at the time of birth, the main guidelines considered are induction and conduction. <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> Teen pregnancy continues to be high risk due to the lack of control in complications during pregnancy and, in some cases, due to the deficiency in the register of medical records.

Blindness, as a social problem, is evident from the lack of interest in other people’s welfare, the inability to social empathy as a condition for collective coexistence and the use of social prejudice that make others invisible in other words, social blindness exists when you lose the ability to recognize others as actors in the social construction of values. This paper depicts social blindness as a disease of perception, not the eyes the causes lie in the ability to perceive the world and all its contents, both material and human, and not in the internal ability of organisms and physiological processes to see the world.

<em><strong>Introduction</strong><em> Information systems seek to facilitate the logistics of health care, allow health institutions to function effectively, help caregivers to act effectively, improve access to administrative, clinical and epidemiological data, both individual and collective, and simplify access to biomedical references. <em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To identify progress in building an information system at the national level. <em><strong>Methodology</strong><em> An exploratory, descriptive and observational study was performed in which qualitative methods are used to collect existing data for the identification and description of information systems in Colombia. Initially, a review was made of databases such as Lilacs, Google Scholar and SciELO over the past twenty years in the following countries: Venezuela, Cuba, Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Spain, Costa Rica and Mexico. <em><strong>Recommendations</strong><em> For the implementation and commissioning of a functional information system in the country, it is necessary to formulate general policies to facilitate national strategies aimed at generating projects, infrastructure development and maximizing resources. <em><strong>Conclusion</strong><em> Technological advances can improve and master the information, which means mastering processes and decision-making.

<em><strong>Introduction</strong><em> Hypertension is a chronic disease that impairs vital organs and alters the quality of life of patients, who must remain in drug treatment with hypotensive and vasodilator medicine to control their blood pressure. <em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To determine the degree of adherence of chronic hypertensive patients to ongoing drug therapy, as well as the relationship between their habits and attitudes with this chronic disease. <em><strong>Methodology</strong><em> Through a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study based on the Morisky-Green test, a multivariate analysis of outpatients attending the hypertension control program in the Jorge Cristo Sahium Hospital, Villa del Rosario, Norte de Santander, Colombia was performed. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> The total amount of people included in the program is of 563 patients, among which a representative sample of 154 was chosen 87.34 % were women and 12.66% were men the average age was of 66.295 ± 11.393 years, and 62 (39.74%) patients completed the treatment. <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> The most commonly used drugs for high blood pressure were those from the antagonist pharmacological group of angiotensin II receptors (ARA II) and the angiotensin-convertingenzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), together with diuretics and antiplatelet agents. Patients often discontinue their medications for certain periods of time, which causes their nonadherence to pharmacotherapy.

Opacification of the posterior capsule is one of the most common complications after cataract surgery as a result of migration and proliferation of epithelial cell debris left in the capsular bag from the time of surgery. At first, this opacification occurs in the periphery and then moves toward the central area, which may affect, ultimately and if not diagnosed early, central vision and cause a decrease in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity. The treatment needed for vision restoration consists in removing the opacity by capsulotomy with Nd-YAG laser. New designs and materials of intraocular and haptic lenses, availability of capsular tension rings and improvement of the surgical procedure have made the incidence rate of posterior capsular opacity decrease significantly.

<em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To determine the normal values of lag of accommodation in a population between the ages of 5 and 19 from public schools in Pereira. <em><strong>Materials and methods</strong><em> Lag of accommodation in 505 individuals (392 individuals selected) from public schools in Pereira was assessed using the Nott retinoscopy. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> The average lag of the entire group was 0.51 D (percentile 5 = 0.19 D percentile 95 = 0.89 D) there was no divergence based on gender, but there was divergence between the age groups of 5-9 and 15-19 (Kruskal-Wallis = 0.0214). <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> Lag of accommodation in this group was lower than reported in other studies. Therefore, we recommend using the results found in the assessed ages as benchmarks in our environment.

<em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To determine the normative values of the amplitude of accommodation (AA) with four subjective procedures. <em><strong>Materials and methods</strong><em> 586 students between the ages of 5 and 19 from public schools in Pereira were included. AA was measured by means of the Donders (push up [PU], push down [PD] and modified push down [MPD]) and Sheard (minus lens [ML]) methods. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> The average for the entire age group was: PU: 14.58 D PD: 9.55 D MPD: 12.01 D ML: 11.00 D in addition, the change of the AA for age was estimated through linear regression: PU: 0.25 D PD: 0.03 D MPD: 0.10 D ML: 0.09 D. <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> AA is different with each technique, and when compared to studies conducted outside of Colombia furthermore, AA decrease is not similar in these tests.

This paper reviews the concepts of supply chain, production networks and incentives, in order to view their application in a health system. Likewise, a proposal is made on where incentive should be located in a health production network consisting mainly of five nodes, between which six relationships are established, in order to motivate the actors who are part of the network to implement actions to achieve health as the means that will allow people to develop their individual and social capacities and to contribute to the building of an appropriate environment for themselves and future generations.