vol. 49 núm. 90 (2017): investigación en humanidades

In the context of expansion and multiple transformations of the Argentine educational system, overfly discussions on institutional expansion, the evolution of the school population and samples of a system designed to generate greater inclusion. The aim of the research was to analyze the specificities of the educational status of the population of 15 to 29-year-old in recent decades. On that basis, it analyzes information available about assistance and composition of the educational system considering both the middle level and the upper level. The findings confirm the trend of an increased participation of young people in the education system together with an increase in the access to higher education levels in the first decade of the century. In this context, the socio-economic level persists as a factor in the differential educational trajectories, together with outstanding balances on educational inclusion.

The objective of this study was to correlate the lifestyles and socioeconomic factors with the health of the students in the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá - Colombia. It’s a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 1410 students aged between 24 and 29 years corresponding to 748 women and 662 men. Was applied a standardized questionnaire proposed by Nahas (2013), It consist of nutritional factors, stress, physical activity, preventive behavior and social relations as components that affect the health of people, therefor they’re associated with the development of noncommunicable chronic diseases. The lower ratings were the nutritional factors, physical activity and preventive behavior. On the other hand, was found a better rating in social relationships and stress management. In the socioeconomic results were evidenced that the students have a preference for individual sports; They live with their parents and relatives at middle-class houses and the educational level of their parents is university. We concluded that there is a trend of styles of unhealthy life that can adversely affect the health of this population. Is important to develop strategies of intervention in the social context, to generate a change in behavior and adopt a healthy lifestyle to improve the quality of life.

Nowadays, the studies on the organizational sciences are more transdisciplinary, all of them under the theory of complexity, given its dynamics. This article addresses these issues from the managerial discourse and from the culture. It also explains the cultural connotation of management and bureaucracy to contextualize the figure of the bureaucrat and the politician in the organization. After configuring the Weberian ideals type, it analyses the organizational paradigm of the bureaucracy and the new public management, to subsequently examine the literature review of the research object.

This paper analyzes the origin and development of the agricultural strike of 2013, based on the study of social movements known as the "classic agenda". The crisis in the agricultural sector can be seen as a trigger for the protest. However, their size and scope would not have been possible without the support of organizational processes as Dignidad Agropecuaria, Mesa Agraria y Popular de Interlocución y Acuerdo and Coordinador Nacional Agrario. Such processes took advantage of political opportunities, articulated their cause with different social and political actors, and disputed the meaning-building mechanisms about the problems of the agricultural sector. In the first part, the political contest that frames the agricultural strike is reconstructed; in the second part, political opportunities, mobilization structures and collective frameworks are analyzed.

This paper deals with the relationship between hermeneutics and human sciences. The introduction presents the outlook of the heterogeneity of concepts, beliefs and critical stances. In the presence of a setting where hermeneutics is in constant construction and review, this text focuses on supporting how the ideas of one of the main models of hermeneutics (Paul Ricoeur) are related to the qualitative biographic-narrative investigation perspective. For that purpose, the text is divided into four stages. First of all, according to the French philosopher, it is exposed how the characteristics of the written text and the elements that makes it liable for being performed can lead to human action and therefore to the typical investigation of human science. Second, we present the essential characteristics of the biographic-narrative perspective through the differences regarding the biographic perspective. In the third section, we bring Ricoeur’s ideas about narrative linked with the qualitative research perspective. Finally, we set out the conclusions.

The Athenian peasant, as an historical subject and, also, as a character of Aristophanes comic theater, was a central figure during the V century b. C., as their ethic and social position remained intact and optimal against the Athens warlike sufferings. Due to these reasons, the character was idealized both in position of a citizen and in personifications of the aristophanic comedy. This article analyzes the way in which Aristophanes set in the rural man the ethical and political ideal subject needed by the Athenian polis to be reconstructed and transformed. Aristophanes’ perception of the peasant provides a connection with the events, both the citizen and the city, and a different reading of the events suffered by Athens during the Peloponesian war.

Philosophical thinking, in combination with analytical knowledge, creates a new space for observation and reflection. The discourse on capitalism and its socializing attempts have transformed social spaces in a manner that distances the freudian subject from a smooth interaction with the other. The discourse and its ‘new era’ mark the disintegration of fundamental areas in the social structure of the subject. The alteration of the space-time of the individual, the confinement in the mere act of consumerism and living in a social structure marked by jouissance are some of the elements currently present in socialization.The hypothesis of the present article is based on reflective thinking about the subject’s socialization in the present age: Are we faced with a new way of relating to the other? Have we lost the ability to interact with each other? Are we confronted with a manner of socialization defined by the object of consumption, thus forgetting fundamentally human traits such as reflection and knowledge as a result of being-in-the-world? The study of these issues forces us to broadly reflect on the subject and its psychoanalytical implications, on the discourse of capitalism and its new social bonds that affect the subject and its social environment, as well as on the role that is assigned to the object of consumption within this discourse. Time is another topic of philosophical analysis: the act of forgetting the past as a source of understanding and reflection, the present as a continuum and the future as a projection of the former understanding of the subject. This profound philosophical thinking leads us to Jacques Lacan and his theories regarding social space, to his teaching of discourses as a form of social bond, their implications for individual's life, jouissance as a form of transgression that provides a reflective explanation around the capitalist social development.

This paper is about the problem of identity and otherness in Karl-Otto Apel’s philosophy, considering that the dialogical structure of rationality allows thinking beyond the traditional philosophy of conscience. As a methodological tool, the categories of ipseity and selfhood, proposed by Paul Ricoeur, are used in order to develop a reading of Apel’s work regarding identity and otherness. Consequently, Apel’s positioning in relation to dialogicity and intersubjectivity highlights the importance of the collective argument in shaping an identity as ipseity.

Review

Review

In this issue we want to let our readers know about some of the processes that Análisis has been experiencing. First, the inclusion in the ProQuest and EBSCO databases in order to further improve the visibility of the research that are part of the different issues; secondly, the journal’s new approach, with the view of becoming a reference and guide for researchers, students and teachers interested in humanities, in integral education and in inter- and trans-disciplinary studies.

Based on our research, ethnographic field’s work on Bolivian and Peruvian migration in Córdoba, Argentina, we propose to dwell on the analysis of selfreflexivity as researchers. We understand self-reflexivity as all necessary investigativebprocess. Considering our positions (a migrant and a migrant’s daughter studying migrations), we understand that our mere presence in the areas we decided to investigate is a definition itself (Guber, 2014). First, we work on our box of analytical tools; later, we discuss our own experiences as researchers, as a migrant, and as a migrant’s daughter. Finally, we bring some findings and conclusions that highlight the impossibility, and therefore, the need to transcend the dualism between the subject that investigates and the investigated object. This, without denying the differences and inequalities between scientists and study groups as well as the constant tension between bets, dispositions and intentions that exceed the scientific field.

This research is a description, analysis and reflection on child and youth poverty. Spain has a very deep economic crisis. Proposals for the Government to address social problems are based on the neoliberal model. Students go to school, but in many cases the results are poor, so Spain presents a high rate of school failure. The methodology includes bibliographic research, interviews in depth and treatment of quantitative and qualitative data. The results show a very high dropout. In Spain, there is a significant number of children and adolescents in situation of poverty, which allows to establish a relationship between child and youth poverty and dropout. The Government focuses its attention on the educational institution and only gets to discredit it; performances and results are insufficient. Therefore, the proposal is that the Ministry of education (together with other relevant institutions) develop global and comprehensive policies in order to deal with the problem.