<em><strong>Introduction</strong><em> Telemedicine is an alternative in health care that helps to eliminate access barriers that prevent displacement and timely assessment of users by health professionals, using data exchange through information and communication technologies (ICT). One of its applications is teleoptometry, which is a branch of visual health in the field of telemedicine, and which has been little explored worldwide. <em><strong>Objective</strong><em> To propose the concept of teleoptometry, and to define its scope, uses, and possible legal, economic, administrative, and healthcare limitations. <em><strong>Methods</strong><em> A qualitative, hermeneutical, and analytical research was developed through a literature search in academic databases and search engines, and a fieldwork based on interviews with optometrists. <em><strong>Results</strong><em> Literature search evidences the lack of the concept of teleoptometry and its poor application compared with teleophthalmology. The fieldwork showed that most respondents do not have a clear concept of teleoptometry nevertheless, they can consider possible uses and certain limitations. <em><strong>Conclusions</strong><em> Teleoptometry is responsible for primary eye care, detection of pathologies of the anterior segment and visual alterations, allowing early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation, using ICT, with prior training of professionals and technicians.