vol. 12 núm. 23 (2016)

Introducción: La reversibilidad del tratamiento implantológico hoy en día es uno de los puntos clave para el retratamiento  de casos en los que se han producido peri-implantitis o pérdidas óseas que generan un fracaso de los implantes. Un sistema que permita la extracción de los implantes de forma atraumática y la nueva inserción de implantes en una misma fase quirúrgica resuelve el problema de forma eficaz. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio piloto sobre 9 pacientes en los que se llevaron a cabo explantaciones e inserción de implantes en la misma fase quirúrgica y localización. Estos implantes re-insertados fueron seguidos en el tiempo para evaluar su supervivencia. Resultados: Los implantes se siguieron durante 50+/-2 meses desde su inserción (rango 48-52 meses) y de 43+/- 3 meses desde la carga (rango de 40 a 48 meses). Durante el seguimiento no se registró ningún implante fracasado. La pérdida ósea mesial fue de 1.0+/- 0,8 mm y la distal de 1. +/-0,8 mm. Conclusiones: La técnica de explantación atraumática es una técnica segura  y predecible que puede ser utilizada sin riesgos en la mayor parte de los implantes comercializados.

Introduction: Titanium and its alloys have been long used in Medicine and Odontology due to their numerous properties, among them their high resistance to corro sion and outstanding biocompatibility. In the case of orthodontics, titanium and its alloys have a relatively short history, but its use has been increased during the last years, due to its excellent mechanical properties, like its design-in memory effect and super-elasticity, which provide this material with extraordinary biomechanical performance, especially in the case of orthodontic wire, which is highly searched for in the area of orthodontics. Objective: To examine the history of titanium in orthodontics, its main characteristics, its physical and mechanical properties and its use within a spectrum of orthodontic materials available in the market. Conclusion: Titanium alloys are used in conjunction with other elements (nickel, molybdenum and copper, amongst others) that leverage the titanium’s properties and allow the operation of its clinical qualities.

Introduction: Toothpaste and mouthwash are obviously the most used means of fluoride application by the general population. Objective: To determine fluoride concentrations in toothpaste and mouthwash for children sold in the supermarkets of Bogota, Colombia, and to verify if said values are consistent with the values informed by the manufacturer. Material and Methods: 17 toothpastes and 4 mouthwashes were evaluated. The total amount of fluoride (ft) and of ionic fluoride (fi) was evaluated; and in the toothpaste that contained sodium monofluorophosphate, the total soluble fluoride (fst) was also evaluated. The fi was evaluated in all mouthwash. A specific fluoride electrode was used attached to an ion analyzer, previously calibrated with fluoride standards after adding tisab ii as buffer solutions. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: 18% of toothpastes presented values between 12, 5 and 13, 9% under the amount expected for ft. One toothpaste presented 77% offi values under the expected amount, which was the same in fst values of 48, 7% underneath the expected. One of the mouthwash received a fi value of 7% above the expected. Conclusion: Most of the studied toothpastes and mouthwash presented values of ft and fi according to the information given by their manufacturers. However, inconsistencies were found in the fluoride concentration in some products, which may affect their anti-cavity effect

Introduction: The patients’ satisfaction of the health services received is a key element in the measurement of the quality of the attention. Objective: To describe the patient’s satisfaction that received care at the adult clinic of the Dental School of the Cooperative University of Colombia, in the facility of Medellin and Envigado, Colombia. Materials and  Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. A representative sample was estimated from 188 patients that were randomly surveyed, given previous informed consent. A descriptive analysis was performed. Results: 68.1% were women with an average age of 34.04 ± 9.71 years. 68% requested consultation for fixed prosthesis, 16, and 5% for removable dentures, 14.4% for total prostheses and 1.1% for teeth whitening. 100% of the population served informs they received good treatment from the student, professor and the clinic staff. All the patients consider their reason for consultation was solved. 95, 7% of the patients would consult at that clinic again and 99% would recommend the dental services. The patient’s perception regarding the physical installations was generally high for hygiene and illumination (97%), the order (96%) and ventilation (83%). Privacy was the only factor assessed poorly (3.2%). Conclusions: The patients treated at the integral adult clinic were satisfied with the attention received and their reason for consultation was resolved. The patients mainly requested consultation for the treatment of fixed or partially removable prosthesis. Most of them agreed to return and recommend the clinic’s service to third parties, and have an excellent opinion regarding interpersonal relationships, and a good opinion regarding the physical installations, except for the patient’s privacy.

Introduction: Healthcare is an important part of general health and can be affected by social, cultural, educational, economic and political determinants, in a way that it is differential among population groups. Objective: To determine the oral profile of the children of the Rural Educational Institute El Filo de Damaquiel (ier Damaquiel) from the small town of San Nicolas in the municipality of San Juan de Uraba (Colombia). Materials and Methods: A descriptive study was performed to determine the prevalence of tooth decay according to the two-digit system of icdes and index of soft plaques in 62 students between 4 and 14 years of age, and a survey on oral care practices was performed among heads of family. Education activities were developed on oral care addressed to students and heads of family. Results: The children presented a tooth decay prevalence of 67.74%, the tooth brushing quality is inadequate in 82.2% of students and the intake of sweets is high (59.68% of the children eat sweets every day of the week). Conclusion: The students of the ier Damaquiel have oral health habits that direct them to risk factors for oral hygiene and therefore to their general health.

Pain in the muscles of mastication, limited opening, asymmetric jaw movement, and sounds in the TMJ, among others symptoms are some clinical characteristics of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). It is a complain in subjects of both sexes, different ages and occlusal conditions. Objective: To determine the most frequent pathology and temporomandibular symptomatology in elderly edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: 30 consecutive subjects,25 female and five men older than 65 ys (70.8±5.7), all edentulous and wearing prosthesis were recruited according inclusion criteria. Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) questionnaire and examination form were applied to determine axis I temporomandibular disorders and symptomatology, and axis II behavioral conditions. Results:From the total sample (30), 28 subjects (93%) presented at least one or more symptoms of TMD but not necessary were diagnosed with a specific pathology. According axis I, two subjects presented pathology corresponding to group 1 (7%), five to group 2 (23%), and 11 to group 3 (37%). Respect to RDC/TMD axis II, 20% of the sample showed some chronic pain degree, and 73% had some tendency to depression. Conclusion: Elderlyedentulous examined showed a high frequency of temporomandibular symptoms. This situation is not necessarily an indicator of a dysfunctional pathology diagnosed under the context of the RDC / TMD. The high index of depression tendency, not only is due to TMD, and could be a result of edentulism or another situation.    

Objective: to describe the level of quality and perception of satisfaction in attended users from a school-based dental clinic in Cartagena, Colombia. Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study in 277 patients. For data collection we applied a structured and self-administered survey asking for demographic, clinic attention topics and specific questions regarding quality and services satisfaction. Data analysis was performed through descriptive statistics with frequencies, proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Bivariate analysis was conducted using X2 tests to test independence between variables. Results: more than a half of the users were females and overall average age was 39 (SD: 12,48) years-old. 99,3% (95% CI: 98,2 - 100) of the subjects referred to be satisfied with the dental care and 97,8% (95% CI: 96,1-99,5) perceived a good quality. When relationship with demographic variables was tested, we didn’t find any statistical significant association between the variables. Conclusion: users perception about quality and global satisfaction in dental services is perceived satisfactorily. Nevertheless, these results do not suggest the presence such quality. It is important for the institution to perform users satisfaction follow-up because in some domains as human resources there is still evidence of unconformity.      

The frequency of incisor molar hypomineralization is variable, which may be present in up to 25% of the population. Objective. To establish frequency and severity of MIH in a group of Mexican children. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a convenience sample composed by 433 children between 8 and 12 years old, of both sexes. The survey looked at the clinical examination of the permanent first molars and incisors considering the criteria set by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD), and severity criteria Mathu-Muju & Wright. For the epidemiological survey previously it was standardized to an examiner (kappa=0.93). Results: 13.9% of schoolchildren presented HIM, being more frequent in boys (8.1%) compared to girls (5.8%), associated with this variable (p=0.049). Categories of 8 and 10 years old had a higher number of cases of MIH, showing no statistical significance with the event of study. The first molars were found to be more involved in MIH patterns, also in terms of the severity of mild HIM was the most common condition. Conclusions. The frequency and severity observed shows a scenario in which need to be carried out monitoring of children with HIM by the risk posed to the establishment of dental caries.