vol. 12 núm. 25 (2016)

Introduction: The ultrasonographic evaluation of the reproductive tract in mares is one of the most reliable procedures for the diagnosis and monitoring of pregnancy. This tool has the ability to predict the potential impact that some diseases have on the quality and reproductive health of mares. Objective: To describe an appropriate approach to recognize the points of care testing in the ultrasonographic evaluation of pregnant and non-pregnant mares. Method of characterization: The POC (Point-of-Care Testing) are a series of criteria designed to provide quick results allowing a relative autonomy by the observer. Discussion: By definition, a POC test must be available for use by the patient and with the versatility of obtaining useful results for clinical decision making immediately. Conclusion: The importance of ultrasound in the gynecological and obstetric evaluation of the mare, highlights the importance of considering the points of attention of the test in the ultrasonographic examination of the reproductive system of the mares.

Introdução: o cultivo tradicional da cana-de-açúcar é uma das principais atividades econômicas no estado de Santander. Seu processo agroindustrial demanda um elevado número de equinos (cavalar, asinino ou muar) para seu transporte ao trapiche e posterior transformação em rapadura. Assim como em outros modelos produtivos, esses animais acabam sendo afetados pelo parasitismo gastrointestinal. A diversidade de condições ambientais, tecnológicas e socioeconômicas recomenda identificar esses parasitas e avaliar sua presença para propor ações de prevenção e controle com melhor informação. Devido à sua população equina e à sua importância, escolheu-se o município de Coromoro (Santander) para o qual não se encontraram relatórios nem estudos prévios. Materiais e métodos: em 10 regiões desse município, tomaram-se amostras de matéria fecal de 100 equídeos de diferentes idades. As amostras foram analisadas mediante a técnica de McMaster no laboratório da Clínica Veterinária Grandes e Pequenos Animais, e os resultados foram analisados com a estatística descritiva, utilizando o Microsoft Office Excel® 2010. Resultados: constatou-se que 23% dos animais tinham poliparasitismo com diferentes espécies, sendo o Oxyuris mais frequente em animais jovens, enquanto não se determinou sua presença em animais adultos. Trichostrongylus foi constatado com mais frequência tanto em jovens quanto em adultos, com 59% das amostras processadas. Outros parasitas encontrados foram Strongylus em 16% e Trichonema em 2% dos animais. Conclusões: encontraram-se parasitas em 71% dos espécimes, o que indica o carácter endêmico do parasitismo, circunstância que permite supor diversos graus de afetação da saúde e, em consequência, da capacidade produtiva dos animais. Faz-se necessário realizar estudos para avaliar o impacto econômico do parasitismo a fim de desenhar estratégias racionais de prevenção e controle na área estudada.

Purpose: To present a historical, medical and regulatory approach, within the Colombian context, around the assessment of certain surgical procedures regarded as aesthetic. The aim is to promote reflection on their suitability and applicability from science, considering the most recent events in relation to the prohibition of these practices. Description: A review and reflection analysis was performed on this practice, regarding recent questions about specific aspects of the techniques and cultural environment in which they are used. This environment is in turn influencing regulation from the technical and scientific fields, in which the health and welfare of patients should prevail. Point of view: Within medical science—a field that is in turn an art—, plastic surgery is a specialty branch of surgery and is subdivided into cosmetic and aesthetic surgery. From aesthetics, it is shown and discussed that ear cropping and tail docking do not have a scientific technical justification, unless there is a pathology or condition that requires them. Ear cropping and tail docking may have irreversible consequences on the communication and expression mechanisms of pets. Conclusions: Before performing any cosmetic surgery, animal welfare and the pros and cons of these procedures should be considered.

Introduction: The bovine tuberculosis (TBb) caused by Mycobacterium Bovis is a serious bacterial, chronic, re-emerging and zoonotic disease. It affects to the livestock production and to the wild and affective animals, also. In the bovine group, it provokes substantial economic losses related with the health measures for its control, and important trade restrictions to the by-products. Because the strategies of prevention and control should be updated regarding to the scientific developments; the study to present the advances and the scientist technological tendencies about the sanitary strategies for the control of the TBb was performed. Methodology: A huge consultation of original articles and a revision on vaccines and diagnosis of TBb between the years 2002 and 2017 in the database of MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO and SciELO was carried out. Results: An active and coherent international action orientated to explore vaccinal formulations and advances in diagnostic tools was found. Important advances in the development of immunogens for the cattle were not reported. Both a proof with high values of sensibility (Se) and specificity (Sp) for the populational diagnostic of the disease. Conclusions: It is deemed that the scientific and technological advances obtained over the past years, are not necessarily going to contribute, for the moment, to the success of the national programs of control and eradication of the TBb. Therefore, in this context the prioritization of an integral analysis that considers the realities of every region or country, within the concept: “A single health”, the combined and strategic use of the diagnostic systems, the firm political commitment of the governments and the international cooperation are indispensable to advance in the fight against this disease.

Introduction: Jodina rhombifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Reissek (Santalaceae) is a part of popular therapy for treating a wide range of health problems that affect metabolism and the digestive, respiratory, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and genitourinary systems. Our aim is to provide data that contribute to validating its use as an antidiarrheal. Materials and methods: According to the literature, we used the aqueous extract of bark, the aqueous extract of leaves and a combination of both to test the resulting effects on the intestinal activity of Rockland mice. Results: The administration of leaf and bark extracts separately did not yield significant values; however, co-administration of both extracts at doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg resulted in a significant decrease—and in a dose-dependent manner—of intestinal transit in Rockland mice (p <0.05; p <0.01 and p <0.01, respectively), compared to the negative control group. Conclusions: The results obtained show us that the joint use of aqueous extract of J. Rhombifolia leaves and bark has a reducing effect on normal intestinal transit in the in vivo model and supports its use in Argentine popular medicine.