vol. 14 núm. 27 (2016)

Historically, the public accountant role is necessary and fundamental for economic development of organizations, in Colombia to profesionals of public accounting were granted the capacity of exercise like “revisor fiscal”5 , figure that served like an State support for giving security for investors and other accounting and financial information users.In the last years the public accountant profession has been important changes in these regulation and focus, thanks to the changes driven for the harmonization of accountant language in the frame of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), which will alow that the public accounting be more analytic and more participative in take decisions of organization.This paper makes an analysis of “revisor fiscal” functions in the frame of convergence to IFRS, and potentials and limitations of their activiti development in these context

About taxes and other demons Colombia is one of the Latin American countries where the tax system is dynamic, 20 tax reforms in 17 years are proof of this (on average one every 18 months). Many of these reforms are preceded by “spectacular” announcements: almost every tax reform presented and approved is often said to be “structural” and that it will change “radically” the dynamics of taxes in Colombia.Almost every attempt at reform begins by indicating that government expenditures have grown and that greater urgent efforts are urgently needed to cover the “fiscal gap”, while at the same time each reform has a debate on the inequality and injustice of taxes in Colombia, as well as emphasizing the priority of “maintaining efficiency and economic competitiveness” and offering alternatives to generate a tax system that apparently solves this “triple problem”.However, it is clear that the reforms hardly solve any of them: they are not able to raise the collection radically, because along with every decision to increase it, there is one that erodes taxable bases, creates exemptions or simply generates benefits for taxpayers who have failed to pay (the so-called tax amnesties). On the other hand, they also do not solve the efficiency problems of the tax system because it uses high tariffs, major distortions –particularly in income tax– and tedious control processes, issues that now under the convergence of accounting systems to IFRS tends to worsen. Finally it does not solve the problem of equality, since in the end the decision to charge more is broken by the weakest link in the chain: the average taxpayer, who does not have the capacity for political lobbying before the congress and the executive, who is not listen to, but on the other hand is the one who does not protest.And this scenario repeats after every tax reform, increasing the disorder and generating greater obstacles not only to taxpayers but to accountants, who play at all times with new rules of the game, creating new needs for updating, new discussions about interpretations that must be made about tax processes, new resistance to the payment of taxes and also increases taxpayers’ disagreement.This is in part the overview the articles that make up this edition of the journal Revista Activos seek to present, through different approaches: from the structural problems of the tax system, to the specific and precise ones that organizations or sectors of organizations face.We hope as always that this edition meets the expectations of our readers.SincerelyEditorial team journal Revista ActivosGloria Valero, Michael Díaz, Jairo Bautista

This present paper propose an analysis of accounting regulation legitimacy in Colombia, from due process concept, and using the analitic categories proposed by Suchman and other authors about legitimacy concept.The paper concludes that exist a lack of legitimacy in accounting regulatory orden in Colombia, insofar as regulators fail to comply the due process in the emission process of accounting rules, in the context of convergence enacted for 1314/2009 Act, with consequences on capacity of regulatory body – Public Accounting Technical Council- and the quality of regulation itself.

This document explain the tax implicancies caused by application of Andean Nations Community Agreement (onwards ANCA) with the purpose to prevent the derivated problems of double taxation in provision of services of accounting advisor, it analyses a case of a business consulting from a peruvian company to a colombian Company realized in 2015.This paper identify and analyses the economic benefits and damages generated by application of ANCA in offer of consulting services, specially on the exonerated incomes of Income Tax, the retentions of Income Tax and the expenses vinculated to services provisions.

The regional cultural context and the vertiginous change in public policies, generate important changes in the tax area, which in turn contributes to the development of science. In our country, the investment commitment to research begins with Colciencias, in charge of science, technology and innovation. The creation of higher education centers with engineering programs together with industrial policies in Colombia, introduces a new cycle in the formation of human capital for science and technology activities, which seek to encourage large-scale social modernization.The tax incentives for investment in research established in the Colombian tax regulations are indispensable for the profitability of many companies in the country that do not manage to measure what an investment of this type can represent in a positive cost-benefit relation.The document analyzes the set of tax incentives designed in the national legislation for the development of science, technology and innovation work and some of the impacts they may have for companies in the sector

This paper make an analysis of principal proposals realized by Colombian Govermentin the frame or Tax Reform Initiative, presented to the public in October of 2016, and finally approved in december of same year, under the 1819 law. These analysis raises the inconvenience of main lines proposed by Tax Reform, in a economical context particularly complex, and where new conditions in Taxes like Added-Value - AVT, will reduce notoriously the capacity of family´s consumption, while in direct taxes, like Income and Heritage, especially payed by great capitals obtain substancial reliefs.The paper concludes that the goverment proposed increasing the regresivity of colombian tax system, worse the life conditions, especially of low income households.