vol. 14 núm. 1 (2020)

The exploration of the relationships between the determinants of entrepreneurship was the objective of this work. A non-experimental study was carried out with a non-probabilistic selection of 300 coffee farmers affiliated to the microfinance program. Is observed a structure of five factors: representations, habitus, fields, capital, capabilities and enterprise that explained 54% of the total variance explained, although the research design limited findings local scenario, suggesting the inclusion of variables that the literature identifies sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables to establish entrepreneurial profiles according to risk events; landslides, fires, droughts, floods, frosts or earthquakes

A literary review and theoretical conceptual analysis of microcredit granted by micro financial institutions is carried out to establish the feasibility of the instrument, as an alternative source of financing for SME, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. An exploratory theoretical methodology was used. The results show the importance of SME in the Mexican economic sector. We analyze characteristics of Microfinance and Microcredits, we determine advantages such as: The state as disperser of risk, geographical distribution, conditions of accreditation, services, procedures, and increase of savings and financing and the following Disadvantages: Interest rates, microcredit model and empirical evidence. It is recommended the use in the short term as an instrument of inclusion to the financial system, to generate conditions for access to the traditional banking system in the medium or long term, this research has as limiting to be a theoretical investigation being susceptible to deepening. The viability of use and importance of Microcrédito for the survival of SME is determined.

The Economy of the Education is a relatively new discipline that he/she has gone acquiring a bigger presence so much in the investigating activity in the last years as in the university teaching. Of the same one, they come off diverse study fields. The following work will undertake an approach to the study of the educational yields, presenting a theoretical mark where it discusses on its historical evolution and its determinant. The yield academic expert as the relationship between the learning process and its tangible results in predetermined values, is a decisive topic in the environment of the superior education for its implications in the execution of the formative function of the educational institutions and the educational project of the students. A reflection on this thematic one contributes to the successful work of professional formation in the institution and at individual level. The importance of the study of educational performance in universities is highlighted, for future research to be carried out on the subject discussed.

This work intends to be a guide to the mayors who wish to implement a competence center when incorporating (ERP) an information system that allows the integration of certain operations within an organization, so the Benchmarking tool will compare the two centers of competencies with the purpose of knowing their best practices, their methodologies, for this, topics characteristic of the SAP-related competence centers will be covered: SAP selection Work team for implementation Creation of a competence center Principles, policies and guidelines Organizational capacity Organizational structure Service catalog Knowledge management Change management

The present project is based on the field of energy production through photovoltaic solar systems, the application of this theme will be given to the public lighting network of a municipality in order to determine the technical environmental viability of the change of source of energy to that system. For the implementation of the photovoltaic system, the evaluation of several fundamental aspects for its operation is required, among them are meteorological behavior, energy consumption, technical operations, financial balances and environmental benefits. The For the implementation of the photovoltaic system, the evaluation of several fundamental aspects for its operation is required, among them are meteorological behavior, energy consumption, technical operations, financial balances and environmental benefits. The methodology is based on the determination of the viability in the implementation of the photovoltaic system as a source of energy. The meteorological conditions of the municipality and how the parameters are related to each other, as wellas the characterization of the public lighting network to be studied, and the number of electrical appliances that generate the energy demand to determine the cost of KWh are fundamental for sizing and the proposal for a photovoltaic solar system. The installation costs, cost of ownership and use of the system, accumulated savings, are indicators, as well as VPN and IRR to calculate the cost of KWh generated by the photovoltaic system. All of the above with a view toobtaining environmental benefits derived from the change of energy source by determining the amount of CO2 that is allowed to emit to the environment and monetary value that is avoided when performing such action.

The use of Industry 4.0 tools has been positioning itself in the current environment as a global competition for technological development, innovation and learning that forces governments, industries and educational institutions to reconfigure the way of conceiving realities and solutions for the communities where they practice. influence. Rural educational institutions do not have the necessary resources to allow students and teachers access to tools to execute didactic strategies that solve real problems and favor the development of personal and specific skills in science, engineering and technology. The aim is to characterize some of the 4.0 technologies available for rural teaching and learning, attending to the needs of the community from disruptive thinking under an exploratory, descriptive and field methodological approach in five rural educational institutions in the municipality of Yopal, addressed under the principles of APB Problem-Based Learning by developing meaningful learning in the student and promoting autonomy, the development of digital, programming, robotics and computer-aided design competencies with the conception of viable prototypes and that identify engineering-specific skills in the students. As a result of the exercise, from the identification of community needs to the design of prototypes, the development of necessary competencies in this fourth industrial revolution is exposed, strengthening: creative skills, critical thinking, adaptation to change, collaborative work, communication and respect for others, as well as a real first vocational approach.

The knowledge that is found within organizations, in addition to being a resource, is becoming an important strategic asset for them. Knowledge Management is developed within the framework of the so-called "Knowledge Economy", in which academics and entrepreneurs recognize the importance of knowledge to achieve and maintain the competitive advantage of organizations, a fundamental element for their success and sustainability. In Cuba, the intensive use of knowledge has focused on some sectors more than others, despite the high level of human resources training and the need to boost the Cuban economy efficiently. Cuban companies recognize the importance of managing knowledge, but do not fully develop the methodology due to internal and external barriers

The Vehicle Routing Problem, VRP (Vehicle Routing Problem) proposes solution alternatives for Eco Urban SA, a Mexican company in charge of collecting post-consumer PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) material at different dispersed collection points in the city of Toluca, State of Mexico. , taking into account that the company does not have a VRP study that allows it to efficiently choose the path to follow to collect the material. For this reason, the design of a vehicle route for the collection of PET was proposed, which minimizes the transportation costs associated with the operation carried out by the company. To do this, identifying relevant aspects such as capacity, travel distances from the storage warehouse to the collection points characterized the current collection system. Then, the mathematical model is formulated defining indices, variables, parameters and constraints that limit the objective function to obtain the optimal route. The heuristic sweep method is defined and developed. Finally, the results of the study models and the current collection system are analyzed and compared, exposing the best vehicular route for the collection of PET that operates at minimum cost.