Gender quotas are a specific type of positive actions aimed at fostering women’s political representation. In Mexico, gender quotas were adopted since 1993 and over the years their evolution produced a federal legislature with 42.6 % of women, but also a rise of political violence against women. This paper explains the highly positive impact of judicialization on women’s representation and analyses the relation that seems to appear between effectively applied gender quotas and an increase in political violence against women.