Introduction: Cobalt – Chromium alloys have been used for the fabrication of cast frameworks which withstand the dental prostheses, failures that happen during the process of casting, polishing and finishing the framework generate surface quality defects which affect the mechanical properties of dentures. Objective: To characterize the surface quality defects in cast frameworks for Cobalt – Chrome dental prostheses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and Methods: An experimental study was conducted, where 19 cast frameworks made out of Cobalt – Chrome alloy were conveniently selected. The following variables were taken into account during the casting process: presentation of the alloy, type of centrifugal casting, way of polishing, shining and sanding the framework. Results: The main characteristics observed, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, in the cast frameworks for Cobalt – Chrome dental prostheses were: irregularities, superficial heterogeneity, presence of carbon and cracks. There was also found a statistically significant association between the presentation of the alloy and the polishing with shinning and without shinning, with a value of p (0,04). Conclusions: Characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allows us to detect surface quality defects which generate mechanical failures and damages within medium and long term use, affecting the quality of dental prostheses.

Introduction: The identification of pathogenic bacteria generated by the aerosols of the high parts is important because it allows to know the dental work environment, the disinfection processes and the risks to which the dental staff is exposed. Objective: Determine the presence of pathogenic bacteria in aerosols generated by high-speed handpieces in a dental clinic. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in which the presence of pathogenic bacteria generated by high-speed handpieces was evaluated. 42 randomly selected dental units were evaluated, which were being used in clinical aerosol generating activities. The plate sedimentation technique was used for the microbiological study of the environment. Results: In the operating procedures, growth was observed in 31.0%, followed by prophylaxis in 11.9% (5) and endodontics in 9.5% (4). In the analyzed samples, gram positive bacteria predominated: Staphylococcus sp in 40.7% (11), Streptococcus sp in 11.1% (3), gram positive bacilli in 25.9% (7) and Micrococcus sp with 3.7% (1). Conclusion: The high part increases the amount of aerosols during the operating procedures, followed by prophylaxis. The bacteria that were found in greater quantity correspond to gram positive cocci type Staphylococci sp. However, the quality conditions of the clinic are adequate, it is important to continue strengthening all the processes and procedures that lead to the provision of the service under biosafety parameters.

Introducción. La mayoría de los casos de cáncer infantil se producen en América Latina y el Caribe, la principal localización es hematolinfoide, el paciente oncológico pediátrico tiene mayor riesgo de infecciones respiratorias de etiología múltiple. Objetivo. Determinar las infecciones respiratorias en el paciente oncológico pediátrico en un Hospital de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Medellín 2014-2016. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo en el cual se evaluaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de leucemia y tumores sólidos, internados en el Hospital General de Medellín, 2014 - 2016. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariado.  Esta investigación conto con aval del comité de Ética institucional. Resultados. Se evaluaron 21 historias clínicas en las cuales se encontró que el 57,1% correspondió a la infección respiratoria del tracto inferior presentándose como neumonía en un 42,85%, derrame pleural, traqueítis y bronquitis todos estos con un 4,76%, la infección respiratoria alta se presentó en un 42,8% como rinofaringitis. El tipo de diagnóstico con mayor porcentaje fue la leucemia linfoide aguda con un 52,38%. Conclusión. La infección respiratoria baja, como la neumonía continúa siendo causa de morbimortalidad en el niño con cáncer, y más frecuente en la leucemia linfoide aguda con neutropenia.