Purpose: As part of the preparation of a master’s thesis in reproductive behavior (graduate program of the School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad de la República, Uruguay), the level of animal welfare of capybara (H. hydrochaeris) stock at a breeding center with an intensive production system was assessed. To p i c s: Capybara breeding in Uruguay has not yet been consolidated, although the illegal consumption of its meat and use of some specimens as pets is an undeniable reality. However, the few initiatives for legal breeding of the species have not been successful. Development: To assess the level of welfare, animal behavior was observed (by systematic records and casual observations) and the producer was asked about maintenance and management of animals at the breeding center. Beyond some specific problems (water availability, differential food availability), specimens are maintained at an acceptable level of welfare. Conclusions: This private small scale undertaking keeps its specimens in acceptable conditions of animal welfare, despite the lack of interest by the authorities (from various ministries) in promoting such initiatives as a way to curb poaching and protect wild populations.