Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis is a procedure that allows the purification of fluids and electrolytes in patients suffering from chronic renal failure thanks to the physiological capacities of the parietal peritoneum, whose path to development as a treatment for said pathology was marked by milestones throughout history. The peritoneal catheter is a prosthesis similar to a round tube, usually made of silicone, that can be placed using open, laparoscopic and even percutaneous surgical techniques. Objective: To make a historical account of the development over time of peritoneal dialysis, as well as to describe the various techniques in the placement of Tenckhoff catheters by endoscopic, percutaneous or open surgery, with their respective indications and contraindications. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, both in Spanish and English, using the sole search terms "peritoneal dialysis history" and "peritoneal catheter placement techniques," limiting the search to articles published since 2013, yielding 690 results. A manual search was performed without any software support, in which fourteen articles were included based on a review of the title, abstract, and keywords.