Some universities in the world conduct physical fitness tests to students during their freshmen year. One of these tests determines aerobic capacity, a component of physical fitness related to health and cardiovascular risk reduction. The purpose of the study was to determine the aerobic capacity of freshmen students at the University of Veracruz, in Mexico. Participants were 1004 students of both genders, who completed the Cooper’s test. It was found that 63.0% of the participants were at low levels of aerobic capacity; 25.6%, at medium levels; and 11.4%, at good levels. In conclusion, freshmen students showed low aerobic capacity, which will impact their physical performance if they participate in sports activities. In addition, this inadequate condition is found in men and women; thus, it is necessary to implement physical exercise strategies that impact prevention and physical health care, helping to reduce the risk of illness and the money spent on health services by the university student community.